NOTE / NOTE Trace element profiles as unique identifiers of western sandpiper (Calidris mauri) populations

نویسندگان

  • D. R. Norris
  • D. B. Lank
  • J. Pither
  • T. K. Kyser
چکیده

Understanding the ecology and evolution of migratory animals requires information on how populations are geographically linked between periods of the annual cycle. To examine whether trace elements could be used to track migratory birds, we analyzed concentrations of 42 trace elements in feathers of western sandpipers (Calidris mauri (Cabanis, 1857)) that were grown at five different wintering sites ranging from San Francisco Bay (USA) to the Bay of Panama. Linear discriminant analysis of 15 elements correctly classified all 26 individuals to their wintering sites, including two sites that were separated by less than 3 km. A randomization procedure confirmed the robustness of these findings. Our analysis suggests that trace elements can be used to assign individuals to specific sites of origin. Although we did not sample feathers from all wintering areas, the regions our sites represented comprised a significant percentage of the global population. However, since trace element profiles appear to be highly specific to geographic sites, we suggest that this technique is best suited for cases where samples can be obtained from the majority of populations throughout a species range. Thus, under certain circumstances, trace element profiles may provide the potential to identify populations with a high degree of spatial accuracy. Résumé : Afin de comprendre l’écologie et l’évolution des animaux migrateurs, il est nécessaire de savoir comment les populations sont reliées géographiquement d’une période à l’autre de leur cycle annuel. Nous avons déterminé les concentrations de 42 éléments en traces dans les plumes de bécasseaux d’Alaska (Calidris mauri (Cabanis, 1857)) élevés dans cinq sites différents d’hivernage répartis de la baie de San Francisco (É.-U.) à la baie de Panama afin de vérifier si ces éléments peuvent servir à suivre les oiseaux migrateurs. Une analyse discriminante linéaire de 15 éléments permet de classer correctement les 26 individus d’après leur site d’hivernage, y compris dans deux emplacements situés à moins de 3 km l’un de l’autre. Une procédure de randomisation confirme la robustesse de ces résultats. Notre analyse indique que les éléments en traces peuvent servir à relier les individus à des sites d’origine spécifiques. Bien que n’ayons pas échantillonné le plumage dans tous les sites d’hivernage, les régions où nos sites se trouvent représentent un pourcentage élevé de la population globale. Cependant, parce que les profils d’éléments en trace semblent hautement spécifiques aux sites géographiques, nous croyons que cette technique peut servir de manière optimale dans les cas où il est possible d’échantillonner la majorité des populations dans l’aire de répartition d’une espèce. Ainsi, dans certaines circonstances, les profils d’éléments en traces peuvent être utilisés pour identifier des populations avec un fort degré de précision spatiale. [Traduit par la Rédaction]

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تاریخ انتشار 2007